CLASS 6
GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER 6
MAJOR LANDFORMS OF THE EARTH
MCQ/Fill in the blanks/Very short answer
1. Which one of the following is not a fold mountain?
a) Mt. Kilimanjaro
b) The Alps
c) The Himalayas
d) The Aravalis
Ans. a) Mt. Kilimanjaro
2. Which one of the following relief features is also known as tablelands?
a) Mountains
b) Hills
c) Plains
d) Plateaus
Ans. d) Plateaus
3. __________ mountains are formed due to the force of compression.
a) Block Mountain
b) Fold Mountain
c) Volcanic Mountain
d) Fault- block Mountain
Ans. b) Fold Mountain
4. _________________ is an undersea mountain.
Ans. Mauna Kea (Hawaii) in the Pacific Ocean is an undersea mountain.
5. The Hundru falls is found in _________.
Ans. Hundru falls is found in the Chhotanagpur plateau on the river Subarnarekha.
6. The highest plateau in the world is the plateau of ___________.
Ans. Tibet Plateau
7. _____________ is one of the oldest plateaus.
Ans. Deccan Plateau
8. What leads to the formation of landforms?
Ans. Landforms are a result of two processes -Internal process and External process.
9. Differentiate between Internal processes and External processes.
Ans.
| Internal process | External process |
| Internal process leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places. | The external process is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface. |
10. How is Erosion different from Deposition?
Ans. The wearing away of the earth’s surface is called erosion. The surface is being lowered by the process of erosion and rebuilt by the process of deposition.
11. Give examples of an old fold mountain and a young fold mountain.
Ans. The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps are young fold mountains with rugged relief and high conical peaks. The Aravali range in India is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world.
12. What is the importance of African plateau & Chhotanagpur plateau?
Ans. African plateau is famous for gold and diamond mining. In India huge reserves of iron, coal and manganese are found in the Chhotanagpur plateau.
13. Name some natural calamities.
Ans. Some natural calamities are earthquakes, volcanic eruption, storms and floods which cause widespread destruction.
3 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Define the following terms: hills, glacier and plains.
Ans.
- Hill -A hill is a land surface higher than the local area.
- Glaciers – Permanently frozen rivers of ice are called glaciers.
- Plains – Plains are large stretches of flat land. They are, generally, not more than 200 metres above mean sea level.
2. Differentiate between Fold Mountains and Block Mountains.
Ans.
| Fold mountains | Block Mountains |
| Fold mountains are formed due to compressional force causes the layers of rocks to fold. | Block Mountains are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically forms Block Mountains. |
| For e.g. Alps and Himalayas. | E.g. Rhine Valley in Europe |
3. How is the water from mountains useful?
Ans. The mountains are a storehouse of water.
- Many rivers have their source in the glaciers in the mountains.
- Reservoirs are made and the water is harnessed for the use of people.
- Water from the mountains is also used for irrigation and generation of hydro-electricity.
4. How are volcanic mountains created? Give examples.
Ans. Volcanic Mountains are formed due to volcanic activity. E.g. Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa
5. What are plateaus? How are they useful?
Ans. A plateau is an elevated flat land. It is a flat-topped table land standing above the surrounding area. A plateau may have one or more sides with steep slopes. For e.g. Deccan plateau
IMPORTANCE
- Plateaus are very useful because they are rich in mineral deposits.
- There are several waterfalls found in plateau region as the river falls from a great height.
- Many plateaus have scenic spots and are of great attraction to tourists.
6. What is a mountain range? Why do less people live in the mountains?
Ans. Mountains may be arranged in a line known as range.
- Less people live in the mountains because of harsh climate and steep slope.
- Since the slopes are steep less land is available for farming.
7. Explain how land as a resource is being wasted by the man.
Ans. Land as a resource is being wasted by the man in many ways.
- For example- constructing houses on a fertile land.
- Similarly we throw garbage on land or in water making them dirty.
- We should avoid using such important gifts of nature in a careless manner.
5 MARK QUESTIONS
1. What are plains? How are they formed?
Ans. Plains are large stretches of flat land. They are, generally, not more than 200 metres above mean sea level.
- Most of the plains are formed by rivers and their tributaries.
- The rivers flow down the slopes of mountains and erode them.
- They carry forward the eroded material.
- Then they deposit their load consisting of stones, sand and silt along their courses and in their valleys.
- It is from these deposits that plains are formed.
2. What are mountains? How are they useful to us?
Ans. A steep hill with an elevation of more than 600 metres is termed as a mountain.
- Many rivers have their source in the glaciers in the mountains.
- The river valleys and terraces are ideal for cultivation of crops.
- Mountains have a rich variety of flora and fauna. The forests provide fuel, fodder, shelter and other products like gum, raisins, etc.
- Mountains provide an idyllic site for tourists. They visit the mountains for their scenic beauty.
- Several sports like paragliding, hang gliding, river rafting and skiing are popular in the mountains.